The working principle of single-phase induction generators is similar to that of the three-phase induction generators. For example, all induction generators generally work on induction principle based on Faraday’s law of conduction that states that when a conductor moves in a magnetic field, an electric voltage that can potentially set up a current is induced. However, unlike three-phase induction generators, single-phase induction generators are not self-starting and, therefore, require excitation in order to start. Single-phase induction generator must always be excited with a leading voltage. This is normally achieved either by connecting the generators to an electrical grid or using phase correcting capacitors to provide a mechanism for self-excitation. In such modes of operation, the single phased induction generators usually draw their excitation current from the electrical grid or the capacitors.

Due to their ability to generate energy with relatively simple controls, single phased induction generators are increasingly gaining popularity in a number of applications some of which include generating power from wind turbine systems, mini-hydro power plants and in the reduction of high-pressure gas streams to lower pressure among other applications. Additionally, due to the simplicity of their design, single-phase induction generators are normally used to power a wide range of household appliances such as the motors of washing machines. This paper critically analyzes the conditions of operation of single-phase Induction generators as well as the various parameters and characteristics of single-phase induction generators.

There are two major theories that have been put forward to explain the principles of operation of single-phase induction generators namely. cross-field theory and double-revolving theory. For example, cross-field theory attempts to explain the operational principles of single-phase induction motors and generators based on the assumption that immediately after a rotor, a speed emf E is normally induced in the generator’s rotor conductors while they cut the stator flux Fs. (Hubert 44).