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There are three levels of prevention, improving the overall health of the population primary prevention, improving secondary prevention, improving treatment and recovery tertiary prevention (CDC, 2019). Primary prevention is the action taken before the onset of disease, which removes the possibility that the disease will occur. It also can be defined as the first level of health care, designed to prevent the occurrence of disease and promote health, or as prevention of disease through the control of exposure to risk factors. Secondary prevention is defined as the second level of health care, based on the earliest possible identification of disease so that it can be more readily treated or managed, and adverse issues can be prevented. This level of prevention is also defined as action which halts the progress of the disease at its incipient stage and prevents complications. Tertiary Prevention is defined as a way to reduce or eliminate long-term impairments and disabilities, minimizing suffering caused by existing departures from good health and to promote the patient’s adjustments to their condition. Tertiary prevention is the third phase or level of health care, concerned with the promotion of independent function and prevention of further disease-related deterioration.

In oral health care examples of this prevention, issues are described. Primary prevention in dentistry includes the use of fluoridated toothpaste, fluoridation of public water, dental cleanings, Fluoride use as a preventive agent, fissure sealants, use of Xylitol, mouth guards, regular dental examinations and self-care such as tooth brushing, flossing, use of dental rinses and medicinal mouthwashes (Mbawala, Machibya, & Kahabuka, 2015). Primary prevention can also involve the optimization of maternal dental bacteria before and during colonization of the oral bacteria of the infant (during the development of the baby teeth). This mode of prevention provides an opportunity for a reduction in the mother’s normal virulent, acidic bacteria and reduction of virulent genes within the acidic bacteria, this will decrease the child’s risk of dental decay, and is the basis for first dental visit recommendations at 1 year or earlier made by various medical and dental organizations (Crall, Krol, Lee, Ng, Quinonez, & Stigers, 2008).

Secondary prevention in dentistry includes screening for decay, screening for gum disease and recording for gum disease, Fluoride use on small cavities, dental restorations and deep gum cleaning. Secondary prevention is the continual and ongoing management of benign and acidic flora within dental plaque. This mode of prevention consists of managing the balance between causative factors and protective factors and is critical for preventing and reversing the caries process. Secondary preventive strategies are hierarchical and currently consist of dietary counseling, oral hygiene instruction, and judicious administration of fluoride modalities (Crall et al., 2008).

Tertiary prevention in dentistry, these measures include the use of amalgam and composite fillings for dental caries, replacement of missing teeth with bridges, implants, or dentures. Examples of tertiary prevention in dentistry include; denture fabrication, bridges, implants, oromaxillofacial surgery, periodontal surgery, fixed prosthesis and space maintainers (Mbawala et al., 2015). Providing definitive treatment for any dental decay, placing fillings, root canals or removal of teeth, this will prevent further destruction.

Reference

Crall, J., Krol, D., Lee, J., Ng, M.W., Quinonez, R., & Stigers, J. 2008. Preventive Oral Health Intervention for Pediatricians. Pediatrics. 122 (6) 1387-1394; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-2577.

Mbawala, H.S., Machibya, F.M., & Kahabuka, F.K. 2015. Assorted Errands in Prevention of Children’s Oral Diseases and Conditions. Emerging trends in oral health sciences and dentistry. Chapter 2. doi: 10.5772/59768.

Templeton, A.R., Young, L., Bish, A. et al. Patient-, organization-, and system-level barriers and facilitators to preventive oral health care: a convergent mixed-methods study in primary dental care. Implementation Science. 11(5). (2015). doi:10.1186/s13012-015-0366-2.

Prevention. 2019. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/pictureofamerica/pdfs/picture_of_america_prevention.pdf.

Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. 2015. Retrieved from https://www.iwh.on.ca/what-researchers-mean-by/primary-secondary-and-tertiary-prevention.

Three Levels of Health Promotion/Disease Prevention. 2019. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/diseaseprevention/chapter/three-levels-of-health-promotiondisease-prevention/

Prevention Strategy: Types of Prevention. 2019. Retrieved from https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/professional-education/ce-courses/ce375/prevention-strategy-types-of-prevention.

Respond to the bold paragraphs ABOVE by using one of the option below… in APA format with At least two references, two intext-citations,and a minimum of 200 words….. .(The List of References should not be included in the word count.)

• Ask a probing question.
• Share an insight from having read your colleague’s posting.
• Offer and support an opinion.

• Validate an idea with your own experience.
• Make a suggestion.
• Expand on your colleague’s posting.

Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the Learning Resources.

It is important that you cover all the topics identified in the assignment. Covering the topic does not mean mentioning the topic BUT presenting an explanation from the context of ethics and the readings for this class

To get maximum points you need to follow the requirements listed for this assignments 1) look at the word/page limits 2) review and follow APA rules 3) create subheadings to identify the key sections you are presenting and 4) Free from typographical and sentence construction errors.

REMEMBER IN APA FORMAT JOURNAL TITLES AND VOLUME NUMBERS ARE ITALICIZED.