Directions: Answer the questions listed below.  Your response to each question should be 10 to 15 sentences in length and provide strong examples and details.

1.      What was the Afro Eurasian trade world like before the voyages of Columbus World?

2.      How did conquest affect indigenous populations and bring about a new era of economic and cultural exchange, commercial empires, and forced migrations?

3.      Why and how did Europeans undertake ambitious voyages of expansion?

4.      What were the common crises and achievements of seventeenth-century European states?

5.      Why and how did the French absolutist state arise under Louis XIV, and why did absolutism in Spain experience decline in the same period?

6       Why and how did the constitutional state triumph in England and the Dutch Republic?

7.      How did European nations compete to build new colonies in the Americas?

8.      What measures did Peter the Great take to continue the Tsarist tradition of territorial expansion?

9.      Referring to the article, “Portugal and its Colonies: Introduction. The Myths and Realities of Portuguese (Post) colonial Society,” which was the required supplemental reading assignment for this module, and answer the following question: Given the history of the myths and realities about Portugal from the 1400s to 1999, what factors contributed to making Portugal different in their experience with colonization and ideology concerning race?  Click HERE to review the article (you must first log into LIRN, then you will be automatically redirected to the article).

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