Answer each of the following four essay questions in 3-5 short paragraphs. Please be sure your answer is clear, logical, well organized, specific and to the point (i.e. business-like). You will need to do some research and demonstrate solid critical thinking and analysis skills. Provide at least two references used (in addition to our text). Suggestion: When discussing terms like “controlling” it would be useful to begin w/a brief authoritative definition of the term.

1.     Managers engage in “Planning” activities at all organizational levels, from strategic planning at the executive leadership level, to budgeting and other resource planning at middle management levels, to project, product, staffing, etc. (operational planning) at lower levels. How do these planning activities in a virtual organization differ from more traditional approaches?

2.     Managers engage in “Organizing” activities to control resources at all organizational levels. How do organizing activities in a virtual organization differ from more traditional approaches?

3.     Managers engage in “Directing/Leading” activities at all organizational levels. How do directing/leading activities in a virtual organization differ from more traditional approaches?

4.     Managers engage in “Controlling” activities at all organizational levels. How do controlling activities in a virtual organization differ from more traditional approaches?