Study Selection Design Methods

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Study Selection Design Methods

Research design has to do with having a strategy that one will employ in answering a research question when dealing with empirical data. Examples of research methods include experimental design, quasi-experimental, pre-experimental, and quantitative studies. The experimental design method entails developing a set of procedures and systematically using them to form a hypothesis. Experiments are employed in studying causal relationships where one or more independent variables are manipulated and the effect is measured on dependent variables. The quasi-experimental design aims at establishing a cause-effect relationship between the dependent and independent variable. As opposed to a true experiment, a quasi-experiment is not dependent on random assignment, and instead subjects get assignment to groups using criteria that are not random (Stratton, 2019). Pre-experimental design is advantageous as it is cost-effective to undertake. Qualitative research design pertains to coming up with answers to the hows and whys of the phenomenon that is being researched. Because of this, qualitative studies research is viewed as subjective and data is collected in written rather than numerical form.

Pre-experimental design is the simplest research design method. In pre-experimental designs, either multiple or single groups are observed after undergoing a treatment that is viewed as causing the change (Rahi, 2017). Three types of pre-experimental designs include static-group comparison, one-shot case design and one-group pre-test method. In static-group comparison method, a group that has gone through an agent is compared with a group that has not and the observed differences are considered to be a result of the agent or treatment. In the one-shot design, one group is observed and after a treatment is applied for a while and this treatment is considered a trigger for the change. In the one-group pretest-posttest design method, a single case is studied at two different junctures, one after and one before the treatment. The changes that follow are assumed to be caused by the intervention

References

Rahi, S. (2017). Research design and methods: A systematic review of research paradigms, sampling issues and instruments development. International Journal of Economics & Management Sciences, 6(2), 1-5.

Stratton, S. J. (2019). Quasi-experimental design (pre-test and post-test studies) in prehospital and disaster research. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 34(6), 573-574.