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Reading Summaries Chapter 3

It is evident that we cannot escape the moral realities of life. We usually have to evaluate more principles, make ethical judgments, deal with moral theories and argue the pros and cons of moral issues. We take into account our feelings, beliefs, desires, and other factors because we reason that ethical philosophy matters along the way. Moral reasoning is essential in a way that it aids in assessing what is right and wrong, virtuous and vicious, good and bad (Vaughn 41). Feelings enter the picture in a way that goes all the way through.

Feelings typically lead individuals to act morally towards others. Our feelings sometimes influence our moral reasoning so that they play an important part in our moral decision-making. According to the reading, feelings or emotions can significantly affect the way we solve problems, think, and decide. We make and dismantle arguments for this view and for that. Moral reasoning is common critical reasoning that is applied to ethics. It entails systematic evaluation of claims or statements. We use it to determine whether an idea is worthy of acceptance.

It is possible to present a logical argument that someone feels strongly about. Reasons support an argument that may assert relevant examples, scientific evidence, expert opinion, and other considerations. We have a logical idea that we can present when at least one statement tries to give reasons for believing another statement (Vaughn 42). The supporting statements in an argument are called premises, while the statement supported is referred to as conclusion. An illustration of such an argument is “Capital punishment is morally permissible because it helps deter crime.” (Vaughn, 42) In this argument, “because it helps to deter crime” is a single premise, and “capital punishment is morally permissible” supports a straightforward conclusion.

Work Cited

Vaughn, Lewis. Doing ethics: Moral reasoning and contemporary issues. WW Norton & Company, 2015.