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Are racial/ethnic minorities less likely to be compliant with Type II Diabetes treatment compared to non-minority groups?

Description of public health issue

The public health issue chosen is Type II diabetes as it relates to minority populations. The variable that is being researched is whether or not compliance with medications differs between minority and non-minority racial/ethnic populations. Diabetes remains the 7th leading cause of death within the United States alone with greater than 30 million people diagnosed with Diabetes, and over 84 million diagnosed with prediabetes (CDC, 2019). Diabetes has been linked to cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, chronic kidney disease, eye damage, peripheral vascular disease affecting extremities, skin conditions, opportunistic infection, and mental illness such as Alzheimer’s or dementia (Mayo Clinic, 2018). 

It has been found that 15.1% of American Indians, 12.7% of Hispanics, 12.1% of Black non-Hispanics, were diagnosed with diabetes between the years of 2013-2015 compared to only 8% of Asians and 7.4% of White non-Hispanics (CDC, 2019). For racial and ethnic minorities, it has been found that there is worse control of diabetes, higher prevalence rates, and increased complication rates (Peek, 2007). Understanding what specific risk factors these patients may have, as well as how to reduce the health disparity between races is important in improving health outcomes across all populations.