Erasmus Darwin argued
A.changes in species over the course of time are due to outside influences.
B.an animal, once changed, passes on that change to its offspring.
C.answers A and B
D.none of the above

Wallace proposed that
A.humans underwent natural selection long ago.
B.humanity’s control over its environment freed it from further pressures of natural selection.
C.further development occurred through the accumulation of knowledge and technology and through cultural transmission.
D.all of the above

The “jnd” is
A.justified noticeable difference
B.justified noticed difference
C.just noticed difference
D.just noticeable difference

Wundt established a laboratory, which was recognized by the University in
A.1875
B.1879
C.1883
D.1894

Wundt’s most fundamental beliefs was
A.complicated human phenomena are not profitably studied in a laboratory or with individual subjects.
B.things are not derstandable through the method of Geschichte, meaning ‘‘story,’’ or ‘‘history.’’
C.denounceing the aspect of his earlier work called Vo ¨ lkerpsychologie, or ‘‘cultural psychology.’’
D.None of the above

Aristotle believed in a scala naturae of fixed species arranged from low to high.
True
False

Psychological research, or psychology as a science, began in German universities during the nineteenth century because Germany was the only place where organized science existed.
True
False

Weber noted, what is critical is the ratio of change in stimulation to level of outgoing stimulation.
True
False

Herbart saw psychology as a science (Wissenschaft).
True
False

Herbart noted that true qualities of things are completely hidden from us and when we think that we are perceiving qualities of things, their basis is only qualitative.
True
False