Philosophy Quiz 20 Questions1. Which of the following is a statement?Multiple Choice• “Close the door.”• “Let’s have lunch.”• “I’m not hungry.”• “What did you say?”2. As understood by logicians, an argument isMultiple Choice• a set of statements, one of which is supported by the others.• a verbal dispute between two or more people.• a major contributing factor to the high rate of divorce in the United States.a sentence that is either true or false3. Chocolate ice cream is better than strawberry.” This isMultiple Choice• a statement.• not a statement.4. Inductive logic is concerned with methods of evaluating arguments forMultiple Choice• strength and weakness.• cogency and uncogency.• validity and invalidity.soundness and unsoundness.5. An argument form isMultiple Choice• a word or phrase that stands for a class.• a pattern of reasoning.• a statement that is used as a premise.• a worksheet for identifying the premises and conclusion of an argument6. “The death penalty is morally wrong.” This isMultiple Choice• a statement.• not a statement.7. The Principle of Charity requires that weMultiple Choice• put an ambiguous or unclear argument in the best possible light when rewriting it as a well-crafted argument.• ignore mistakes in reasoning when we agree with an argument’s conclusion.• not distort an argument’s meaning when rewriting it as a well-crafted one.• correct any mistakes in reasoning in an argument we are analyzing.8. A premise of an argument isMultiple Choice• a statement intended to provide support for another statement.• an underlying assumption.• the statement that is being affirmed on the basis of others.• a word or phrase whose purpose is to persuade.9. The main feature of a valid argument isMultiple Choice• it is possible for the conclusion to be true.• it is not necessary that if the premises are true, then the conclusion is true.• it is necessary that if the premises are true, then the conclusion is true.• it is not possible for the conclusion to be false.10. The Principle of Fairness requires that weMultiple Choice• consider an individual to be innocent until proven guilty.• not eliminate anything—including repetitions, assurances, and so on—when rewriting an argument as a well-crafted one.• place the burden of proof on the person whose view is contrary to the majority opinion.• be loyal to the original argument and not distort its meaning when rewriting it as a well-crafted argument.11. “My brother has a cat named Sully.” This isMultiple Choice• a statement.• not a statement.12. The statement “Pat is a mother only if Pat is a woman” is a stylistic variant of which type of statement?Multiple Choice• disjunction• conditional• negation• conjunction13. A term isMultiple Choice• a 15-week semester of college.• a word or phrase that stands for a class.• a length of time in public office.a pattern of reasoning.14. Identify the following as valid, invalid, strong, or weak: “Assuming Betty’s flight leaves on time, she will arrive in Seattle at 6:00 p.m. Betty’s flight did leave on time, so she will arrive in Seattle at 6:00 p.m.”Multiple Choice• valid• invalid• strong• weak15. “Pigs can fly.” This isMultiple Choice• a statement.• not a statement.16. Identify the following as valid, invalid, strong, or weak: “All men are mortal. Socrates is mortal. ? Socrates is a man.”Multiple Choice• valid• invalid• strong• weak17. “You don’t have any brothers or sisters, do you?” This isMultiple Choice• a statement.• not a statement.18. Which of the following is an example of a report?Multiple Choice• A mammal is a warm-blooded animal that nurses its young. So, for example, whales, cats and humans are mammals but turtles, birds, and insects are not.• If Germany had invented the atomic bomb first, they would have won World War II.• 73 percent of all Americans are opposed to the death penalty.• Skunks get hit by cars more than other animals because they tend to stand their ground rather than flee.19. If an argument is strong, thenMultiple Choice• its premises are all true.• it is improbable (but possible) that the conclusion is false on the assumption that the premises are true.• it is impossible for the conclusion to be false on the assumption that the premises are true.• the conclusion is true.20.The argument form “If A then B; Not B; So, not A” is calledMultiple Choice• modus tollens.• constructive dilemma.• hypothetical syllogism.• modus ponens.