obesity in childrenObesity in Children change project. Reducing obesity in children…Page 1 complete the following:• discuss the influence of leadership on the translation of evidence into practice. Provide specific insights gained from theory as well as from changes currently underway or recently achieved in your practicum setting.• Propose an evidence-based change for your practicum setting. Be sure to justify the need for this change using data.• Explain how you might apply theory as well as observations gathered from your practicum site to planning for and implementing the proposed change.• How are you developing your leadership skills in your practicum setting? Which aptitudes or experiences do you think are most important to your role as a leader in facilitating the translation of evidence into practice?Page 2 complete the following:• Based on the specifics evidence from the literature, what strategies would you employ to communicate with and educate various stakeholders? How would you engage the support of those with power and authority? Explain how this would facilitate the successful implementation of your proposed evidence-based change.• What are potential challenges for knowledge integration? How might you address those challenges?Page 3 complete the following:• what are the benefits and limitations of using a health information system? How might this impact planning for and implementing your proposed change?• Describe three potential resource considerations that could facilitate or inhibit your proposed change and explain your rationale.Page 4 complete the following:• Look at outcomes established for at least one evidence-based change currently underway or previously accomplished within your practicum setting. What lessons can be learned to support the development of outcomes for your proposed change?• Describe two or three outcomes for your proposed change. For each outcome, describe the evaluation criterion/criteria that is/are measurable.• Explain how these outcomes relate to multiple sets of standards, as well as differing groups’ needs and priorities. Why is intra- and interdisciplinary collaboration important as you design these outcomes?• How do the measurable outcomes for your proposed change establish accountability for you as a leader?Page 5 complete the following:• What are some possible adjustments that you might need to make based on the evaluation of outcomes?• Consider the evidence-based change you are proposing for your practicum setting: What other systems or components of a system are within the sphere of influence of this change? How could evolving issues internal to the setting, such as budget, staffing shortage, regulations or external to it, such as supply, funding, national priorities, and disasters, affect the implementation—and ultimately the sustainability—of such a change?• How might your proposed change, in turn, affect policy or practice at other levels beyond your initial focus?• Describe at least three evolving issues that are internal or external to your practicum setting that could affect the implementation and sustainability of your proposed change. From what systems level do those issues originate (e.g., organizational, local, state, national, global) and what other systems are then involved in response to that factor?• How might your proposed change, in turn, lead to shifts at other levels beyond your initial focus?

Obesity in Children

Name

Course

Tutor’s Name

28th October, 2010

Childhood obesity in relationship to the Body Mass Index (BMI= Weight in KG/ height in M square) is described as those children above ninety fifth percentile while those above eighty fifth percentile are described as overweight. Obesity means excess body fat. Childhood obesity is worsening in most parts of the world overburdening the health sector due to the health problems associated with it. The cases of obese children are increasing due to a number of factors. It could be health factors such as endocrine and genetic factors. Genetic predisposition puts children at a risk of obesity when there are favourable conditions. Social and physical environment contributes to wait gain (Lobstein et al, 2010).

Causes of Obesity

Hyperphagis is c common in children with Prader-Willi Syndrome a c chromosomal medical condition. Endocrine medical conditions associated with obesity are hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency, Cushing syndrome and hypothyroidism. Pharmacological factors include haloperidol, antiepileptic, anti-migraine, antihistamine, tricyclic antidepressants and resperidone. Psychiatric conditions such as psychogenic polyphagia and depression may cause obesity.

Changes in the input well as output of energy are obvious factors. Improved technology has made food readily available and attractive thus more consumption. Technology has made work easier e.g. in transport thus reducing the energy expenditure. Exercise is being taken formally by children thus they accumulate body fat. Non-modifiable factors causing obesity are ethnicity, genetic predisposition, more weight for gestating babies, and single gene abnormalities. Modifiable factors are less physical exercise, eating disorders, some medical conditions and viewing television. In United States, television viewing has been related to overweight in children (John, 2004).

Effect on Children

The effect of obesity in children may be short-term or long-term. Obesity affects the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrine and bone growth. In Orthopedics, there is genu valgum and slipped femoral epiphysis. Type-2 diabetes is an endocrine pathology prevalent as a result of obesity in children related to ethnic groups as those of Mediterranean and Middle East origin. Other endocrine pathologies are early puberty, advanced growth and polycystic ovary syndrome. Cardiovascular pathologies as a result of obesity are cor pulmonale, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Obesity may cause respiratory problems such as pickwickian syndrome and obstructive sleep apnoea. Hepatic problems such as cholelithiasis and fatty liver may arise. Social and psychological effects include impaired psychosocial function especially in females as they grow. Childhood obesity affects the adulthood because most children remain in that state even as adults. This is associated with cardiovascular mortality in adults (John, 2004).

Obesity may have adverse effects on self esteem as reflected ion body appearance, academic performance, social networking, athletics, conduct and behavior. These children face discrimination, stereotyping and peer rejection common in girls. Being teased about the weight may adversely affect the psychology of obese children leading g to attempted suicides. Some societies such as Mexico however view weight positively as a sign of care and health. Obese children in these countries face low stigma, social rejection and have less psychological problems. This emphasize on the effect of peer, family and the society on psychological distress of childhood obesity (Lobstein et al, 2010). It follows that the society should not stigmatize obese children but rather, it should put in place the necessary mechanisms to help the obese children.

Management of Childhood Obesity

The community has a role to play such as offering guidelines on nutrition e.g. low fat food for children and fitness facilities. Residential areas should have play grounds where children can interact and play freely with others. This enhances their physical activity and help to reduce cases of obesity. Medical professionals plays a role of identifying the obesity, informing the related factors and offer advice on necessary interventions. Schools should ensure that the canteens sell proper food and promote proper eating habits. Schools should schedule physical exercise lessons and encourage casual activities such as walking. They should inform children of dietary recommendations, and engage them in measuring their BMI. Those who are obese and overweight should be put on weight loss schedule with the parent’s consent and rewarded if they succeed. Teachers should encourage behavior change (Summerbel 2009).

Management of obesity in middle aged children involves their acceptance of the condition as well as motivation from the family. Management involves modifying the diet, more physical activity, reduced sedentary activity and behavior modification. The family should encourage proper eating habits and avoid rewarding their children with food such as chocolates and ice cream. Children should be fed on fruits, vegetables and legumes. Wholegrain cerials should be included in their meals. Lean meat, fish, milk and water should be offered in appropriate quantities. Care should be taken to avoid intake of saturated fats, excess salt and added sugars (John, 2004).

Conclusion

Obesity in children is challenging and leads to adults’ morbidity. The family and community should ensure that proper strategies are put in place to counter the problem. Health practitioners should incorporate obesity in their pursuit of creating awareness to the society. Prevention of obesity should be emphasized in schools, families and at individual level through dietary management and lifestyle change (Lobstein et al, 2010).

Reference

John McLennan. (2004). Obesity in Children: Tackling a Growing Problem. Australian Family Physician.

Summerbell C. D et al. (2009). Interventions for Preventing Obesity in Children.USA; Wiley Publishers

Lobstein T, Baur L & Uauy R. (2010). Obesity in Children and Young People: A crisis in Public Health. United States; Wiley Publishers

Topic: Obesity in Children

Order Description
Only use peer reviewed articles none older than 5 years.
Page 1
• Describe how you intend to use your practicum experience to further your goals for successful evidence-based project implementation, evaluation, and dissemination and for your development as a scholar-practitioner and a nurse leader.

Page 2
• Describe one or more significant issues related to the implementation of and data gathering for an evidence-based project. Assess the cause and meaning of each issue for your evidence-based project. If applicable, describe how the issue may have compromised your project.
• What insights related to variances between project activities, relevant standards and guidelines, and what is considered “best practice” are most significant for this evidence-based project obesity in children?
• Summarize your evaluation of the planning for and implementation of the intervention, noting opportunities for improvement with future projects for obesity in children.
Page 3
• Review the examples of evaluation presented in the Miake-Lye et al. and McNabney et al. articles listed in the Learning Resources. Also, consider the evaluation strategies suggested by Dr. Mauk in the Weeks 4 and 5 media presentation.
• Analyze the evaluation plan you developed as part of your project Proposal obesity in chidlren. Which evaluation method(s) did you identify for your project obesity in children?
• If you have already concluded the evaluation phase of your project, what would you do differently—specific to the evaluation plan—if you could?
• If possible, compare your project with similar evidence-based projects presented in other articles from your review of the literature. Specifically, look at others who had a similar research question or intervention but evaluated it differently. Consider similarities and differences in outcomes of these projects. What insights related to your project does this analysis provide?
• For this Discussion, you may also consider the evaluation of other evidence-based projects implemented in your practicum setting. Discuss this topic with individuals in your practicum setting to strengthen your understanding of the evaluation of these projects.

Page 4
• Consider the outcomes of your project or other evidence-based projects with which you have been involved. Were your findings as anticipated? What unexpected outcomes, if any, arose?
• Apply the concepts you have studied in previous courses to the data you gathered for your project or for other evidence-based projects. Consider social, political, technological, and financial factors as well as factors related to quality and your area of specialty.
• How does your analysis of the project outcomes inform the discussion and implications of your project? What impact could your findings have as they ripple out through multiple systems?
• Have you identified any ethical implications that require attention? If so, what are they?
• Discuss the implications of your project outcomes or the outcomes of other evidence-based practice projects. Integrate concepts from previous courses to explain the significance of your findings, and be sure to aIDress ethical implications.

Page 5
• Review various forms of disseminating the findings of an evidence-based project, as well as strategies for delivering effective presentations.
• reflect on your experiences practicing with colleagues in a small group and presenting in other professional or academic situations. Conduct aIDitional research as necessary to enhance your awareness of what makes a presentation most effective.
• Consider how the needs or dispositions of the intended audience may inform your presentation.
• Share two or more insights related to presentation approaches and explain how this information may be used to promote the delivery of an effective project presentation. Be sure to note any considerations related to the intended audience that are important.

Page 6
• Describe the format/ forum you selected for your scholarly product for dissemination, and discuss the strengths and limitations of the approach you selected.
• Describe one or more other ways to disseminate the findings, discussion, and implications of your project.
• Explain how dissemination relates to your development as a scholar-practitioner and a nurse leader.