Module 08 Residential Lab Activity – Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Please answer all questions in a Q&A format.
Please cite your work for any reference source you utilize in answering these questions.

1. Compare and contrast the detailed characteristics to the intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) compartments.
2. Describe how osmoreceptors, a decrease in blood pressure (or volume) and a dry mouth will activate the thirst center in the hypothalamus.
3. Describe the process of edema, where it can occur in the body, and the symptomology that may be associated with it.
4. Why is it vital to maintain a proper electrolyte balance in the body?
5. Why is it important to maintain proper sodium levels in the body? How does aldosterone and angiotensin influence sodium levels in our body?

6. If sodium ion levels rise in the body, describe how antidiuretic hormone and atrial natriuretic peptide can assist in regaining sodium ion electrolyte balance?
7. Describe that changes that occur to the carbon dioxide and pH levels in an individual who has pneumonia or a condition that disrupts gas exchange in the lungs.
8. Compare and contrast the effects of hypo and hypercalcemia on the muscular and nervous system along with the symptoms of each.

9. Why are diuretics a common treatment for hypertension and edema? How do they treat these conditions? Certain diuretics can cause a loss of potassium. Why is this a concern and what complications can result from it?