1 Understanding and defining Public Speaking. The Classical Roots of Public Speaking.

2 Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication. Understanding and defining Communication (Implications of communication). The Ingredients of Communication (The Source, encoding, message, etc.)

3 Culture and Communication. Intercultural Communication (Cultural Belief, Value, Attitude Systems).

4 Characteristic of Culture (Communication and Language; Dress and Appearance; Food and Feeding Habits; Values and Norms; Educational System; Religious System).

5 Defining Communication and Failure to understand an opponent’s perspective (different cultures; language differences. Stereotypes and generalization)

6 Speechmaking process: Select a topic, Analyze the Audience, Determine the Speech Purpose, Compose a Thesis Statement, Develop the main Points. Major Parts of the Speech.

7 Public Speaking Anxiety. Managing Speech Anxiety. Selective perception.

8 Ethical Public Speaking. The Ground rules for Ethical Speaking: Dignity, Integrity, and trustworthiness. Ethnocentrism. Hate Speech. Wholesale plagiarism, Patchwrite plagiarism.

9 Audience analysis: Demographics (age, ethic, socioeconomic status, religion, political affiliation, gender, disability). Individualistic cultures, collectivist cultures.

10 Functions of the Introduction (use a Quotation, tell a story, etc.…). How to Gain Audience attention? How to Motivate the Audience to Accept Your Goals? Establish Credibility as a Speaker.

11 Functions of the Conclusions (provide closure, summarize the key points and goals, etc.). How to Make the Conclusion Memorable?

12 Using Language to Style the Speech. Concrete language. Abstract language. Imagery. Figures of Speech (similes, metaphors, analogies, personification, irony, etc.)

13 Using Language to Style the Speech. Denotative and connotative meaning. Tag questions. Gender-neutral language. Alliteration. Parallelism.

14 The Informative Speech. Categories of Informative speech (speeches about objects, people, events, concepts). How to Convey Information (description, Demonstration, Explanation).

15 The Persuasive Speech. Three types of persuasive appeals: Logos, Pathos, Ethos.

16. Special Occasion Speeches. Functions of Special Occasion Speeches (entertainment, celebration, commemoration, inspiration, social agenda-setting). Types of Special Occasion Speeches ( Speeches of Introduction, Acceptance, Eulogies, Inspiration).