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Emergency and Disaster Management

Outline of Research Paper

Introduction: Dealing with emergencies and managing disasters is important in enhancing the coping capacity of the affected population and sustaining optimal performance as well as productivity.

Literature Review: This underscores previous researches about emergency and disaster management and efforts that have been taken by the homeland security to minimize incidences and address the relative negative implications.

Findings: The complexity and frequency of disasters requires relevant authorities to put in place vital measures to deal with them accordingly. Education programs should be initiated to enhance capacities with respect to addressing disasters.

Conclusion: Disasters are inevitable but their incidence and negative effects can be reduced through effective management.

Finalized Literature Review

In his research regarding the principles of disaster management, Collins (2000) found out that disaster management is all inclusive encompassing responding to the perceived risks or dangers, reducing the risks, responding to the destruction that is caused by the risks and putting measures in place to address future risks. Chwla (2008) affirmed that the integrated nature of the fundamentals of disaster management require a high degree of organization to address the respective risks in an effective manner. The study undertaken by Damon (2007) regarding various stakeholders in the management of disasters indicated that the homeland security is one of the vital agencies that play an instrumental role in addressing emergent disasters. Besides responding to the actual effects of the disaster, the author affirmed that this agency also deals with mitigation, prevention, empowerment and recovery efforts.

In his review of the nature and dynamism of disasters Nicholson (2005) found out that a significant percentage of disasters are unpredictable. He therefore suggests that disaster preparedness is very important in cushioning the populations against the diverse negative implications of disasters. With regard to disaster preparedness, Moore and Lakha (2006) found out that it is long term and focuses on wide ranging aspects such as building codes, capacity building, installation of viable devices and so forth. Further, Chwla (2008) asserts that coordination of disaster management efforts is of paramount importance. In essence, he argues that the disaster affects various facets of the society in different ways. Active involvement of all individuals in the disaster management efforts according to the author goes a long way in mainstreaming sustainability in the respective efforts.

Findings

The literature review found out that disaster management is a complex and multifaceted undertaking that requires effective coordination for optimal results. Further, disaster management has certain distinctive stages that are undertaken progressively. All these according to the findings need to be undertaken in order to foster sustainability. Furthermore, the study found out that since all facets of the society are affected by the disasters, they need to be well informed about the dynamics of disaster management. Since different fields of specification need to pool resources together, it is important to have good organizational skills. Among the agencies that play leading roles in disaster management according to the review is the homeland security. In essence, the review confirmed that while disasters are inevitable, their management is important in securing the wellbeing of the affected societies. Future research needs to detail the phases of disaster management and the challenges of each phase. Review of actual disaster incidences would also provide useful insights for future research.

References

HYPERLINK “http://www.google.co.ke/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=+inauthor:%22P.+S.+Chawla%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=2” Chawla, P. (2008). Emergency and disaster management. United States. Pearl Books

Collins, L. (2000). Disaster management and preparedness. USA: CRC Press.

HYPERLINK “http://www.google.co.ke/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=+inauthor:%22Tony+Moore%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=8” Moore, T. HYPERLINK “http://www.google.co.ke/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=+inauthor:%22Raj+Lakha%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=8” & Lakha, R. (2006). Tolley’s handbook of disaster and emergency management. New

York. Butterworth-Heinemann

Damon, C. (2007). Introduction to international disaster management. New York. Butterworth

Heinemann.

HYPERLINK “http://www.google.co.ke/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=+inauthor:%22William+C.+Nicholson%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=5” Nicholson.,W . (2005). Homeland security law and policy. United States. Charles C Thomas