Effects of High Tuition Fees (Bibliography)Name:

Course:

Date:

Flores, S. M., & Shepherd, J. C. (2014). Pricing out the disadvantaged? The effect of tuition deregulation in Texas public four-year institutions. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 655(1), 99-122.

Stella Flores works at Vanderbilt University as an associate professor of public policy and higher education. She has several publications on higher education, population growth and issues related to higher education learning. Justin Shepherd is a PHD holder in higher education in leadership and policies from Vanderbilt University. He does research and writes about politics, finances and policies in higher education. The two authors in the article writes about the effects of tuition deregulation in Texas. According to the article, deregulation has benefited the black community while the Hispanics have been disadvantaged whereby only a few get to complete college in the stated time because the tuition fee is high and the 2003 deregulation policy does not favor them. The authors suggest that the state government should go back and look into the provisions of the policy. The article will be used to understand how high tuition rates affect those who cannot receive loans and grants while in university. Tuition fee at the university is higher for the Hispanic immigrants to raise it on time and compete with fellow students.

Najmabadi, S., & Blanchard, B. (2018, April 10). As college costs rise, some Texas students go hungry. Will food scholarships help? The Texas Tribune, pp. 12-18.

Shannon Najmabadi is a higher education reporter at Texas Tribune when in 2017 she was a fellow. She has written and reported several issues related to higher education policies and politics. Her contribution and publications can be found on the Taxa’s tribune website. Bobby Blanchard on the other hand runs the Tribune’s social media where he sources data from respondents on various issues including “this is your campus.” The authors write about the impact of rising college fee to students and among them include: students going hungry in order to save money to pay tuition fee in time. According to Shannon, food is a basic need where when one skip meals, chances are high that he or she will have poor concentration in class. The authors suggest that since the tuition fee keeps rising there is need to be aid including food scholarships. The source will be used to explore the struggles that students go through in order to complete their college education. Also, the article will be used to see how affected students tend to survive while in college. It is true there should be food/ accommodation scholarships since they are basic needs and affects one’s learning ability if there is shortage in food supply or lack of proper accommodation.

Mulhern, C., Spies, R. R., Staiger, M. P., & Wu, D. D. (2015). The effects of rising student costs in higher education: Evidence from public institutions in Virginia. ITHAKA.

Christine Mulhem worked as an analyst at Ithaka till 2015 December, Richard Spies is a senior advisor on higher education and an investigator of the effectiveness of public education in universities while Derek Wu is a research analyst in the same organization Ithaka S+R. The article documents shift in higher education and how different groups have reacted to the shifts. Among the shifts include increasing academic costs and lack of accommodation. The shifts have ae it difficult for college students to complete their education on time forcing them to work for more hours compared to hours spent in learning. According to the authors, public education is failing by narrowing gaps for minority societies who cannot afford expensive schools giving the students from working class a chance to pursue studies despite their intelligence. There are a lot of bright students left out as a result of not being able to afford school fees. They end article will be used to determine the effects of shifts in institutions especially in terms of school fees. It is evident that not everyone has the capability of affording expensive schools or staying up to date with shifts in institutions.

Cortese, A. D. (2003). The critical role of higher education in creating a sustainable future. Planning for higher education, 31(3), 15-22.

Antony Cortese is an active researcher in academic and environmental factors that happen to affect learning. In this article, Anthony writes on how sustainability can be modelled by higher education, including an interdisciplinary, and modeling students to graduate and lead the society towards the part of growth and development in economic, social and political aspects. The article gives examples of universities doing well and universities which fail to make the changes because of the high tuition fees and other economic factors which see less students graduate from their college. The article will be used to understand the curriculum and other connected university functions which are essential for development. Information on issues facing university students found in the article will also be used to relate how tuition fees affects learning for those who cannot afford to pay in time. Universities have missions and should revise their rules to be flexible enough for them to meet their aims and objectives.

Trow, M. (2000). From mass higher education to universal access: The American advantage. Minerva, 37(4), 303-328.

Minerva is a devoted organization that studies about institution and development in science as a field of study. Martin Trow was a professor in public policy and did studies on the growth of higher education. In this article, he explores ow higher education in America has been made open to everyone globally and that institutions offer scholarships which becomes a great advantage to the needy students. He argues that there is a broad development in higher education and by making it universal and offering scholarships, the universities at playing a big role in increasing the number of elites in the world. He gives the advantages of free tuition which are; creating a humble time for students to study and students can easily access academic materials for their research. The source will be used to understand the positive effects of making university education in America universal and the advantages of offering academic scholarships to student. Academic scholarships come in handy especially when one has no stable source of income.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

References

Cortese, A. D. (2003). The critical role of higher education in creating a sustainable future. Planning for higher education, 31(3), 15-22.

Flores, S. M., & Shepherd, J. C. (2014). Pricing out the disadvantaged? The effect of tuition deregulation in Texas public four-year institutions. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 655(1), 99-122.

Mulhern, C., Spies, R. R., Staiger, M. P., & Wu, D. D. (2015). The effects of rising student costs in higher education: Evidence from public institutions in Virginia. ITHAKA.

Najmabadi, S., & Blanchard, B. (2018, April 10). As college costs rise, some Texas students go hungry. Will food scholarships help? The Texas Tribune, pp. 12-18.

Trow, M. (2000). From mass higher education to universal access: The American advantage. Minerva, 37(4), 303-328.