1. Which is a characteristic of monopolistic competition?

A) standardized product C) absence of nonprice competition

B) a relatively small number of firms D) relatively easy entry

2. In which industry is monopolistic competition most likely to be found?

A) utilities B) agriculture C) retail trade D) mining

3. One difference between monopolistic competition and pure competition is that:

A) products can be standardized or differentiated in pure competition.

B) there is some control over price in monopolistic competition.

C) monopolistic competition has significant barriers to entry.

D) firms differentiate their products in pure competition.

4. The monopolistically competitive seller’s demand curve will become more elastic the:

A) larger the number of competitors. C) more significant the barriers to entry.

B) greater the degree of product differentiation. D) smaller the number of competitors.

5. A monopolistically competitive firm is producing at an output level in the short run where average total cost is $4.50, price is $4.00, marginal revenue is $2.50, and marginal cost is $2.50. This firm is operating:

A) with a profit in the short run.

B) with a loss in the short run.

C) at the break-even level of output in the short run.

D) at an efficient level of output in the short run.

6. Refer to the above graph. In the short run, this monopolistically competitive firm will set price at:

A) $65 and produce 45 units of output. C) $50 and produce 35 units of output.

B) $65 and produce 35 units of output. D) $50 and produce 50 units of output.

7. Refer to the above graph. This monopolistically competitive firm is:

A) making economic profit in the long run. C) earning only normal profit in the long run.

B) making economic profit in the short run. D) earning only normal profit in the short run.

8. If monopolistically competitive firms in an industry are making an economic profit, then:

A) new firms will enter the industry and product demand will increase for the existing firms.

B) firms will exit the industry and product demand will decrease for the firms that remain.

C) firms will exit the industry and product demand will increase for the firms that remain.

D) new firms will enter the industry and product demand will decrease for the existing firms.

9. Suppose some firms exit an industry characterized by monopolistic competition. We would expect the demand curve of a firm already in the industry to:

A) shift to the left.

B) shift to the right.

C) become more elastic.

D) remain the same since entering firms serve other customers in the market.

10. Refer to the above graphs. A short-run equilibrium that would produce profits for a monopolistically competitive firm would be represented by graph:

A) A. B) B. C) C. D) D.

11. Refer to the above graphs. A short-run equilibrium that would produce losses for a monopolistically competitive firm would be represented by graph:

A) A. B) B. C) C. D) D.

12. Refer to the above graphs. The long-run equilibrium for a monopolistically competitive firm is represented by graph:

A) A. B) B. C) C. D) D.

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13. Refer to the above graph of the representative firm in monopolistic competition. The long-run equilibrium price and output for this firm will be:

A) Aand C. B) Band D. C) Aand D. D) BandC.

In monopolistic competition, there is:

A) allocative efficiency. C) both allocative and productive efficiency.

B) productive efficiency. D) neither allocative nor productive efficiency.

Micro Chapter 20 Practice Problems #2 Key

1. Refer to the above table. The total variable cost of producing 5 units is:

A) $10. B) $14.60. C) $63. D) $73.

2. Refer to the above table. The average total cost of producing 3 units of output is:

A) $9.33. B) $10. C) $12.67. D) $38.

3. Refer to the above table. The average fixed cost for producing 3 units of output is:

A) $3.33. B) $10. C) $12.67. D) $38.

4. Refer to the above table. The marginal cost of producing the sixth unit of output is:

A) $10. B) $16.33. C) $25. D) $98.

5. Refer to the above table. The average variable cost of producing the first unit of output is:

A) $10. B) $20. C) $30. D) Unable to be determined from the information given.

6. If you know that total fixed cost is $200, total variable cost is $600, and total product is 4 units, then:

A) marginal cost is $50. C) average total cost is $100.

B) average fixed cost is $100. D) average variable cost is $150.

7. If you know that when a firm produces 10 units of output, total costs are $1,030 and average fixed costs are $10, then total fixed costs are:

A) $5. B) $100. C) $1,020. D) $1,040.

8. If you know that with 8 units of output, average fixed cost is $12.50 and average variable cost is $81.25, then total cost at this output level is:

A) $93.75. B) $97.78. C) $750. D) $880.

9. If average variable cost is $74 and total fixed cost is $100 at 5 units of output, then average total cost at this output level is:

A) $91. B) $94. C) $97. D) $100.

10. A firm has fixed costs of $5,000. Its average variable cost is $2.00. At an output of 5,000 units its average total cost is:

A) $2.50. B) $3.00. C) $3.50. D) $4.00.

11. With fixed costs of $400, a firm has average total costs of $3 and average variable costs of $2.50. Its output is:

A) 200 units. B) 400 units. C) 800 units. D) 1,600 units.

12. At an output of 1,000 units per year, a firm’s variable costs are $5,000 and its average fixed costs are $3. Its total costs per year are:

A) $10,000. B) $8,000. C) $6,000. D) $5,000.

13. At an output level of 50 units per day a firm has average total costs of $60 and average variable costs of $35. Its total fixed costs are:

A) $925. B) $1,250. C) $1,750. D) $3,000.

14. Refer to the above graph. It shows the total cost curves. Total fixed cost at output levelQ₂ is measured by:

A) 0B. B) AC. C) CD. D) DE.

15. At any level of output:

A) average variable cost will exceed average total cost in the short run.

B) marginal cost will exceed average variable cost by the level of average fixed cost.

C) average variable cost will exceed average fixed cost by the level of average total cost.

D) average total cost will exceed average variable cost by the level of average fixed cost.

16. Marginal cost can be defined as the:

A) change in fixed cost resulting from one more unit of production.

B) difference between fixed and variable cost at any level of output.

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C) amount which one more unit of output adds to total cost.

D) difference between price and average total cost at the profit-maximizing level of output.

17. When marginal cost is increasing:

A) total cost must be increasing.

B) average total cost must be increasing.

C) average total cost must be decreasing.

D) average fixed costs might be increasing or decreasing.

The fixed cost of the firm is $500. The firm’s total variable cost is indicated in the table.

18. Refer to the above table and information. The average variable cost of the firm when 5 units of output are produced is:

A) $100. B) $200. C) $300. D) $400.

19. Refer to the above table and information. The average total cost of the firm when 3 units of output are being produced is:

A) $350. B) $400. C) $500. D) $700.

20. Refer to the above table and information. The marginal cost of the sixth unit of output is:

A) $400. B) $600. C) $1400. D) $1600.

21. Refer to the above table. The total cost of five units of output will be:

A) $290. B) $320. C) $420. D) $500.

Answer: C

22. Refer to the above table. The average fixed cost of four units of output will be:

A) $40.00. B) $50.00. C) $66.67. D) $100.00.

23. Refer to the above table. The average total cost of two units of output will be:

A) $90.00. B) $106.67. C) $145.00. D) $250.00.

24. Refer to the above table. The marginal cost of the third unit of output is:

A) $30. B) $40. C) $45. D) $50.

25. Refer to the above table. If output is zero, total cost is:

A) $90. B) $50. C) $40. D) $0.

26. Refer to the above table. The total cost of producing 20 units of output is:

A) $50. B) $80. C) $120. D) $130.

27. Refer to the above table. The total variable cost of producing 35 units of output is:

A) $90. B) $120. C) $160. D) $210.

28. Refer to the above table. The average total cost of producing 35 units of output is:

A) $1.41. B) $4.57. C) $6.00. D) $7.00.

29. Refer to the above graph. At which point is marginal product (MP) at its maximum?

A) point A B) point B C) point C D) pointD

30. Refer to the above graph. At which point does marginal product (MP) equal average product (AP) at a level of output?

A) point A B) point B C) point C D) pointD

31. If marginal cost is below average variable cost:

A) average total cost is increasing but average variable cost is decreasing.

B) both average total cost and average variable cost are decreasing.

C) both average total cost and average variable cost are increasing.

D) average variable cost is less than average fixed cost.

The following cost data are for a firm in the short run:

32. What is the firm’s average variable cost at an output of 5 units?

A) $30 B) $60 C) $120 D) $140

33. If marginal cost exceeds average variable cost, then:

A) average variable cost must be increasing. C) average fixed costs must be increasing.

B) average total cost must be increasing. D) marginal cost must be decreasing.

34. At an output of 20,000 units per year, a firm’s variable costs are $80,000 and its average fixed costs are $3. The total costs per year for the firm are:

A) $80,000. B) $100,000. C) $140,000. D) $240,000.

35. A firm encountering economies of scale over some range of output will have a:

A) rising long-run average cost curve.

B) falling long-run average cost curve.

C) constant long-run average cost curve.

D) rising, then falling, then rising long-run average cost curve.

36. The term diseconomies of scale is reflected in:

A) decreasing short-run average costs. C) increasing short-run marginal costs.

B) increasing long-run average costs. D) decreasing long-run prices.

37. If the long-run average total cost curve for a firm is horizontal in the relevant range of production, then it indicates that there:

A) is a minimum efficient scale. C) are diseconomies of scale.

B) are constant returns to scale. D) are economies of scale.

38. Refer to the above graph. There are economies of scale:

A) to the left of point A. C) at pointsA and B.

B) to the right of point B. D) between pointsA and B.

39. Refer to the above graph. There are diseconomies of scale:

A) to the left of point A. C) at pointsA and B.

B) to the right of point B. D) between pointsA and B.

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