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Developmental Psychology annotated bibliography

Phillips, F. B. (2004). NTU Psychotherapy: An Afrocentric approach. The Journal of Black Psychology, 17, 55-74.

This article explores a kind of a therapy known as NTU, commonly pronounced as ‘in-too’ found on a central Africa ideology of a functional unit that reaches all aspects of being. The main focus in its approach is based on a natural order that looks at the emifiaction of body, soul and mind. The critical issues of this African philosophy are perceived to be affected and influenced by the culture of African American. These issues are congruent to a Hemonistic view. And due to this, the core objective of this therapy study is congruence with oneself. The therapeutic understandings and relationship is key to the success of psychotherapy. African fundamentals of Narigo Saba are highlighted as the spiritual procedures for persons to abidance and acceptance of these opinions allowing the process of healing to start. Numerous values and aspects involved in the therapeutic process are greatly discussed. This provides credible and resourceful materials for the discussions and understanding of abnormal psychology.

Hotvedt, M. E., Gray, J., & Smith, L. (2005). Lesbian mothers and their children: A comparison with solo parent heterosexual mothers and their children. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 15, 167-184.

This article investigates and presents the reports from a comparative study of two kinds of a single parent household setting with children ages 4-12. The objective of the study was to compare the sexuality identity development of children in household where fathers are absent but live with their mothers who are either homosexual or heterosexual; the research was conducted in ten states. The survey was done through mothers completing their sex- role and personalities by mail. The children were examined with the age equivalent Weschhler Scales, test of family relationship and sexual identity were also carried out. A significant quantity of qualitative information is recorded about the mothers’ background. The observations and results from interviews and questionnaires reveal that there was no supporting evidence on gender identity disorder. Daughters displayed a wider array of gender-role behavior compared to sons. The study also revealed that to a certain extent daughters of mothers who are lesbians were observed to portray a lesser feminist particularly on how they dress.

Neighbors, H. W., & Williams, D. (2006). The influence of racial factors on psychiatric diagnosis: A review and suggestions for research. Community Mental Psychological Journal, 25, 301-311.

This review article provides the prevalence factors and figures to substantiate a notion that Blacks are more frequently misdiagnosed with schizophrenia and not as often as their White counterparts who manifest identical symptomology. The basis of the review looks at the DSM-II system but not DSM IV where a comprehensive discussion of symptomolgy was done. Among the objectives of the research was to work out a proper design of alternative investigative modalities to reduce misdiagnoses specifically among Blacks as it has happened. It also touches on ways of improving cultural mannerism and language on issues relating to symptomology. (i.e, the use structured interviews by both Black and White Clinicians when diagnosing their clients). Given the date of this article and its merits, this review would be the most call for invitation to students to study these developments and ideas and point evidence and support them with the present literature. The article discusses the importance of clarification cultural functions and context of diagnosis. The author categorically illustrates the early learning experiences and symptoms. And so doing, he undermines the challenge of the DSM III-R nosology that only permits diagnosis which is upon the symptomoloy manifestation. For a psychology specialist, this study offers the significance of information of cultural context and also a very useful source of information concerning maladaptive symptoms.

Baltes, M. M., & Schmid, U. (2003) Ed. 4. Psychological gerontology. German Journal of Psychology, 13, 88–121.(This is an example of a psychological journal publication.)

Describes the study in the developmental psychology in East Germany (German Democratic Republic) as from the end of the world war two. Comprises four periods of research. Looks at the research built upon the study of the aptitudes of the person bringing up the needed advance conditions of the development of psychic and those of the biological preconditions. Demonstrates the nature of development of psychology in GDR with regard to resources of research, professional education, current trends in research and communication. Illustrates the weaknesses in the present practice in the developmental psychology that are apparently shared by other nations. This long- time study of GDR children shows the predicaments with peer relations during childhood development to be a predictor of the unforeseen symptoms of depression. This developing behavior can happen through a pathway way of incremental aggression behavior that resulted from peer relationships that were poor. The aspect of the developmental psychology is presently described as the study of the modification and acquisition of behavior as a functional element between external and internal factors. It encompasses the developmental changes that are mostly connected with the postulation of changes. This discipline is broadly categorized into three major classical orientations namely; behaviorist, psychoanalytic and cognitive. (This paper ranks highly as one of the most cited papers registering over 782 citations since it was published in 2003)

Mundia, L. (2008). Childhood education in Brunei Darussalam and Swaziland: Achievements, Goals and Challenges. Children care and development, PsychologicalReview 178: 152-160.( This is an example of an article published in a scientific journal.)

Strategically looks at the condition of the early childhood welfare and its overwhelming shortcomings such as assessments problems and poor training of the teachers. Studies outline various recommendations for improvement in the systems, most notably are the strategies that enhance the system to be more inclusive.

The study also gives an insight for the required strategies for the development of psychology in Africa, and how to promote indigenous psychologies in a coherent manner that do not hinder the development of overarching theoretical mainframes. The research again lays more emphasis on the development of the divergent evolutionary views that connected with the relationship between thought and culture. Applies study examining infant-caregiver responsiveness and proximity among diverse groups in Africa to describe the concepts explained. This work offers professionals, teachers and students with an applied and conceptual resource to establish an atmosphere and environment that is workable for a culturally diverse group such as the one been studied. Taking into consideration the psychological outcomes and the nature of adversity as witnessed by a great number of children in Darussalam and Swazi children. Examines the relationship between the environmental variables such as parent family demographics, school experience and parent expectation and the children reading abilities and also scrutinizes the implications of poverty in view of the subject. Other areas of concern include the dialectical, ecological, ethological, socio-biological and processing of information reproaches is discussed. The work examines actions; self announced attitudes and the demographics concerns and trends as a way of issuing judgments and predicting pro-social habits, characters and behaviors among the African adolescent population

Describes the three pre-coping deployments strategies that young children used in Africa their civil wars. The study focused on the role of maintaining a cohesive essence of purpose, proper and effective modalities of managing traumatic memories, and acquisition of a successful guard against destructive social segregation and isolation. (This paper is frequently cited with well 322 citations since its publication in 2008).

Phillison, S.,and Phillison,.S (2008). Belief of ability, academic expectation and participation of parents and guardians as predictors of child success and achievement: A cultural ComparisionLearning and Educational Psychology, Psychological Review 26(4), 324-39. ( This Review article has highly been cited since its publication in 2008).

This study asserts the hypotheses that the parent’s perceived notion of a child’s cognitive ability, their academic expectation of a child and subsequently their participation and involvement both at school and home, are actually all predictors of academic success and achievement. It also clearly illustrates the differences in academic excellence coming as a result of difference in culture. The research investigates actual ideal discrepancies, gender differences and self-concept in Swedish and Japanese adolescents. To conduct the research, the Self-Description Questionnaire II (SD QII) is applied for the core purpose of examining its components visa vi the ideal actual questionnaire modeled for the research. The results obtained from both the two cultures reveal that the questionnaires are satisfactory. The interpretation is that the Japanese adolescents recorded higher self-discrepancies and lower self-concepts than their Swedish counterparts.

Gender differences showed insignificant influence than the cultural impact.

References:

1. Hotvedt, M. E., Gray, J., & Smith, L. (2005). Lesbian mothers and their children: A comparison with solo parent heterosexual mothers and their children. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 15, 167-184.

2. Phillips, F. B. (2004). NTU Psychotherapy: An Afrocentric approach. The Journal of Black Psychology, 17, 55-74

3. Phillison, S.,and Phillison,.S (2008). Belief of ability, academic expectation and participation of parents and guardians as predictors of child success and achievement: A cultural Comparison. Learning and Educational Psychology, Psychological Review. 6(4), 324-329.

4. Mundia, L. (2008). Childhood education in Brunei Darussalam and Swaziland: Achievements, Goals and Challenges. Children care and development, PsychologicalReview 178: 152-160.

5. Baltes, M. M., & Schmid, U. (2003) Ed. 4. Psychological gerontology. German Journal of Psychology, 13, 88–121.

6. Neighbors, H. W., Jackson, J. S., Campbell, L., & Williams, D. (2006). The influence of racial factors on psychiatric diagnosis: A review and suggestions for research. Community Mental Psychological Journal, 25, 301-311.