The student will complete a Research Paper which will provide an in-depth and detailed chronological history of homeland security before it was considered homeland security. In other words, describe what use to be in place for homeland security from the founding of the country up to when it became about civil defense. This section might be brief. Then cover the civil defense period in more detail. Finally, cover the period from 9/11 forward. Another way of viewing this timeline is from the founding to WWII, then post WWII to 9/11, then forward. Be sure to discuss emergency management (mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery issues) and homeland security (same as emergency management subtopics but also national security strategies, intelligence, counterterrorism, etc.). There is much to be covered in each time period: legal framework, policy development, Acts, laws, Preparedness directives, executive orders, and case law, etc. Consider the founding fathers and their documents as well. Consider Biblical foundations as well. The student will write at minimum a 5-full page research-oriented paper in current APA format.