1. | A preliminary investigation is conducted by probation officers at or during: a. [removed] intake. | b. [removed] investigation. | c. [removed] supervision. | d. [removed] release of offender. |
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2. | The United States Supreme Court has ruled that only juveniles over the age of _____ can be executed for their crimes. a. [removed] 10 | b. [removed] 12 | c. [removed] 14 | d. [removed] 17 |
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3. | What percent of juveniles currently are waived to adult court? a. [removed] 5 percent | b. [removed] 15 percent | c. [removed] 25 percent | d. [removed] 36 percent |
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4. | Judges must hold probable cause hearings when: a. [removed] prosecutors file to send a juvenile to adult court. | b. [removed] cases come to the adult court by a mandatory judicial waiver. | c. [removed] cases come to the adult court by a discretionary judicial waiver. | d. [removed] all of the choices apply. |
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5. | The probation official who has replaced the case worker is the: a. [removed] police officer. | b. [removed] community resource manager. | c. [removed] intake officer. | d. [removed] referee. |
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6. | Which is the correct order in which probation services are provided? a. [removed] Intake, investigation, supervision | b. [removed] Supervision, intake, investigation | c. [removed] Investigation, intake, supervision | d. [removed] Arrest, intake, investigation, supervision, bail |
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7. | In order for a state to have a valid death penalty, judges must consider: a. [removed] mitigating circumstances. | b. [removed] statistical ambiguities in demographic trends. | c. [removed] historical traditions of the court. | d. [removed] future impact of the penalty on deterring crimes. |
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8. | According to studies on restitution, which of the following are among the primary goals of restitution programs? a. [removed] Hold parents accountable for their children’s offenses | b. [removed] They set-up local programs to fully reimburse victims for their financial damages at their expense | c. [removed] They hold juveniles accountable for their offenses | d. [removed] All of the choices apply |
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9. | The balanced approach in probation focuses on: a. [removed] arrest, conviction, and confinement. | b. [removed] correction, rehabilitation, and aftercare. | c. [removed] the community, the victim, and the offender. | d. [removed] both arrest, conviction, and confinement and correction, rehabilitation, and aftercare. |
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10. | Which of the following are (is/a) goal(s) of electronic monitoring programs? a. [removed] To reduce the number of field contacts required by home-confinement officers | b. [removed] To provide for early unification with the juvenile’s family | c. [removed] To keep the juvenile out of school | d. [removed] Both to reduce the number of field contacts required by home-confinement officers and to provide for early unification with the juvenile’s family |
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11. | Which of the following is the most widely used organization of probation in the United States? a. [removed] Local/judicial | b. [removed] State/judicial | c. [removed] State/executive | d. [removed] Local/executive or a combination |
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12. | To keep youths out of the adult system, Hamparian, et al. have proposed the formation of a(n): a. [removed] hidden system of justice. | b. [removed] youthful offender system. | c. [removed] net widening system. | d. [removed] none of the choices apply. |
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13. | Probation officers must satisfy: a. [removed] the needs of the client. | b. [removed] only the juvenile justice system needs. | c. [removed] their own ego needs. | d. [removed] all of the choices apply. |
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14. | The law views juveniles as: a. [removed] practical, reasoning, and rule-following being. | b. [removed] an instinctually based, driven being. | c. [removed] an emotional, feeling, and inconsistent being. | d. [removed] none of the choices apply. |
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15. | When juveniles are ordered to find jobs, hold them, and pay back victims, they are in a _____ program. a. [removed] treatment | b. [removed] surveillance | c. [removed] restitution | d. [removed] compensation |
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16. | _____ is a program of intermediate punishment whereby youths are ordered to remain confined in their residences. a. [removed] Solitary confinement | b. [removed] Clinical confinement | c. [removed] House arrest | d. [removed] Stay home |
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17. | Well-developed probation programs should help overcome what traditionally weak component of the juvenile justice program? a. [removed] Reinforcement of positive behavior | b. [removed] Getting psychoanalytic techniques into the community | c. [removed] Attacking community disorganization | d. [removed] None of the choices apply |
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18. | The Integrated Social Control (ISC) model of intensive supervision: a. [removed] focuses on strain, control, and social learning theories. | b. [removed] argues that many youths are inadequately socialized. | c. [removed] maintains that youths have weak bonding to the community. | d. [removed] all of the choices apply. |
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19. | Data on juveniles who received the death penalty indicate that: a. [removed] juveniles received the death penalty in numbers equal to that of adults. | b. [removed] juveniles received the death penalty more frequently than adults. | c. [removed] juveniles received the death penalty far less frequently than adults. | d. [removed] no data are available on how many juveniles have received the death penalty. |
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20. | _____ is when states offer financial incentives or manpower to local systems if all probationers are handled in the local system. a. [removed] Local determination | b. [removed] Financial redistribution | c. [removed] Probation subsidy | d. [removed] State organization of control |
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Jermaine Byrant
Nicole Johnson
OVER
RATING
YEARS
