Mireya Ibanez

January 27, 2021

ENGL 102

M. Delgado

DD3HW2: Conduct Initial Secondary Research

Citation #1

Authors:

Kaori Tamura, Troy Furutani, Ross Oshiro, Yukiya Oba, Ayaka Ling, Nathan Murata

Title: Concussion Recovery Timeline of High School Athletes Using A Stepwise Return-to-Play Protocol: Age and Sex Effects.

HYPERLINK “https://web-b-ebscohost-com.ezproxy2.library.arizona.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=2a42fc18-e794-44a3-9857-1c4a441d7449%40pdc-v-sessmgr03&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=141247787&db=asn” https://web-b-ebscohost-com.ezproxy2.library.arizona.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=2a42fc18-e794-44a3-9857-1c4a441d7449%40pdc-v-sessmgr03&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=141247787&db=asn

Summary:

A study was being conducted in regard to the protocol a player goes through after they sustain a concussion. There has been as return-to-play (RTP) protocol that has been implemented into high school sports. This protocol is a strategy that helps athletes safely return to the sport after the injury. The objective of the step-to-step protocol involved looking into the length of each step on the youth and to examine the effects of age and gender on the recovery. Data was collected on 726 patients that went through the 7- step RTP protocol by certified athletic trainers. The study helps to provide an estimated timeline for young student-athletes. Clearance to play again showed that the recovery timeline was consistent across the age and gender groups.

Citation #2

Authors: Patrick R. Field and Kelsey L. Logan

Title: The Game changer: Keeping your head in contact sports

https://www.jstor.org/stable/44840653Summary:

The case study was a case that examined and traced the football career of Anthony Williams from beginning to end. The case goes into depth about the life and experiences Anthony went through during his childhood, teen years and adult life related to football. The case informs the reader ab9ut the signs and symptoms of concussions, SIS and CTE. The case study beings by analyzing Anthony in youth league and describe his introduction to the sport and his athletic gift. It then jumps into Anthony’s life and football and the introduction to the pressure and rise of the injuries he began to endure. It then moves on to his university career and pro career and the impacts on his health. It was becoming a common injury for Anthony to sustain. Throughout his whole life experiences, he faced many brain injuries, and encountered many symptoms that were later known to be CTE. The study helps gibe insight to how easily signs are missed, how common they happen, and the severe impacts concussions and brain trauma have on athletes.

Citation #3

Authors: Jennifer Cheng, Brittany Ammerman, Kristen Santiago, Bridget Jivanelli

Title: HSS Researchers Find For Certain Sports, Concussion Rates Are Higher in Female Athletes than Males

https://advance-lexis-com.ezproxy2.library.arizona.edu/api/permalink/0578a147-c343-4b4b-8d82-924116871920/?context=1516831

Summary:

Researchers from the hospital for Special Surgery found that female athletes are more likely to get a concussion than males. Many studies were used to gather the information that supports that females had a higher rate for concussions than males. Concussions can occur in many sports and can happen at any level of competition, but there was a relation to concussions and female athletes. The research and studies conducted show that there are many factors to take into account, but common contributions could include females having decreased head and neck strength, disclosure of injury, and the sports equipment involved. Statistics support the facts that females get more concussions in certain sports and due to balls and equipment involved. More research needs to be done in order to reduce sports concussions especially in females, and truly understand what causes them and prevention measures.