Question 1

This question consists of five short parts (a. to e.) which test the achievement of a selection of the Knowledge and understanding learning outcomes KU1–KU8, together with the first of the Cognitive skills CS1. You should not need to write more than five sentences or about 150 words in answer to any of the parts (a. to e.) and you are likely to be penalised if you exceed these limits. Remember to show your working in calculations.

1. What are the two main consequences of eating a diet composed only of core foods?
2. How many grams of protein would be present in a meal that consisted of two eggs, each with a mass of 50 g, and 250 g of lean bacon? How does this compare with the estimated average requirement for a female in her 30s?
3. Butter and olive oil both contain the fatty acids stearic acid and oleic acid. What is the difference between these two molecules? How do the amounts of stearic and oleic acids compare in butter and olive oil and how does this relate to the physical state of the two fats?
4. How many carbon atoms are not shown in the representation of a disaccharide in Figure 1? What are the names of the disaccharide and of the two monosaccharides from which it has been formed?
   

   Figure 1   For use in Question 1d.

5. Pregnant women are often advised to take iron and folic acid supplements. Explain why these are important during pregnancy.

Question 2

This question tests your achievement of Cognitive skill CS2 and Key skill KS1.

In Activity SP3.1, you were asked to record, for one day, the foods you ate and to calculate the percentage of each food group in your diet. Then you were asked to use the values to complete Table SP3.1.

1. Copy out the relevant columns of your completed Table SP3.1 (food groups, recommended %, and % of that group in your diet). You can use the values for the diet of another person (child or adult) if you prefer; whoever you use, you should state the age and gender of the person to whom the data apply. Indicate, using arrows, whether the amount eaten in each category should be increased or decreased to achieve a balanced diet. Show how you calculated one of the values in your table.
2. For each of the food groups in your table, explain why an appropriate amount is necessary in a healthy diet. Suggest how your diet (or that of the other person) given in part (a) could be changed to correct any deviations from the recommended percentages. You should write your answer using correct sentences and paragraphs (not in note form) in about 500 words, using information from all three parts of SK183. You should indicate the sources of your information by including brief references in brackets at the end of the relevant sentence or paragraph (for example, by writing SP4.2.1 or HN p. 21).

Question 3

This question tests your achievement of Cognitive skill CS3 and Key skill KS2.

With your expertise in nutrition from studying SK183, you have been asked to provide some background information for staff at your local health centre who are leading an initiative to encourage local residents to increase the amount of fruit and vegetables and reduce the amount of meat in their diet. It is hoped that this will bring down the relatively high level of bowel (colon) cancer in older adults, so you should concentrate on the links between food and this type of cancer. You will need to draw on information in HN Chapter 15 and in the Study Book. Your text needs to be easy to read and understand by someone with very little background knowledge, but you should support your advice with simple scientific information wherever possible. You should not include any references within your text, but at the end you should list the pages that you consulted to find the information you have included. You should aim to write about 550–600 words.