4) What predicts loneliness?

Loneliness is a serious health issue and contributes to a number of maladaptive outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and even suicide. But does everybody experience loneliness in response to the same kinds of triggers? Critically discuss the psychological literature on the causes of loneliness, paying particular attention to the ways in which age, culture, circumstances and personality variables contribute to loneliness across the lifespan.

Starter references:

Heinrich, L. M., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: A
literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 695-718.
Lykes, V. A., & Kemmelmeier, M. (2013). What predicts loneliness? Cultural
differences between individualistic and collectivistic societies in Europe. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45, 468-490.
Schinka, K. C., van Dulmen, M., Mata, A., Bossarte, R., & Swahn, M. (2013).
Psychosocial predictors and outcomes of loneliness trajectories from childhood to early adolescence. Journal