Hip and Knee joint Movement Analysis

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Hip and Knee Joint Movement Analysis

Hip and knee joint movement analysis describe the major joint movements in the hip and knee joints with the assistance of the various muscles. Such joint movements are responsible for the daily activities such as ladder climbing and walking. In our analysis we are going to describe in detail joint movements in the hip as well as joint movement in the knee.

The major hip joint movements include flexion, hip rotation, adduction, abduction, extension and circumduction. Flexion is the forward hip joint movement while extension is the backward movement of the hip joint. Adduction and abduction refer to the sideways movement of the hip joints. The extension and flexion occur in the sagittal plane while the abduction and adduction movements are described to occur in the frontal plane. The external and the internal rotations of the hip joints are termed to occur at the transverse plane. The normal range of the flexion is 125 degrees while the extension range occurs at 20 to 25 degrees. Internal rotation occur at 40 degrees while external rotation occur at 45 degrees range.

Various muscles aid in the movements of the hip joints. Iliopsoas, rectus femoris and the sartorius muscles through assistance of the femoral nerve contribute to the hip flexion. On the other hand, harmstrings muscle and gluteus maximus help in the extension movement. In the hip abduction movement, gluteus medius as well as the minimus muscle take charge. Adductor Brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus and the gracilis muscles are responsible for the adduction movement of the hip joints. The adductor muscles are innervated by the obturator nerves so as to produce the movements. Gluteal muscles are responsible for the external hip rotation movements. Piriformis, superior gemellus, inferior grumellus, obturator internus, obturator externus and the quadratus femoris muscles help in the external hip rotations.

In the knee joint, flexion and extension are the major knee joint movements. Quariceps muscle is responsible for the medial rotation of the femur during a 30degree extension movement. On the other hand, popliteus muscle is responsible for the lateral rotation of femur during the easy early flexion movement stages. The combination of the knee joint movement and the hip joint movements produce general movements that assist in the daily activities such as the ladder climbing.

REFERENCES

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBM7jL93Kc2TMpyo7eNNzO0ug-mjpm5vM.