This case study is from the Cases in Population-Oriented Prevention (C-POP) series authored by Cynthia Morrow, MD, MPH, Don Cibular, PhD, and Lloyd F. Novick, MD, MPH.It is August 1997 and you are a public health official for a county health department. It has been brought to your attention that four residents of homeless shelters in your county have recently been diagnosed with active tuberculosis. You are given the information below:AJ is a 28-year-old male resident of the Oxford Street Inn/ Rescue Mission who presented to SUNY Upstate Emergency Department on July 17 with a three-week history of productive cough and night sweats. RC is a 36-year-old male resident of the Oxford Street Inn who presented to the Community Health Center on July 24 with a five-day history of productive cough and fever. This resident reported that he traveled by Greyhound bus from Queens, NY three days ago. LF is a 43-year-old male resident of the Oxford Street Inn/Rescue Mission who presented to St. Joseph’s Hospital on July 29 with a two-week history of cough with hemoptysis. SW is a 47-year-old male resident of the Oxford Street Inn who presented to the Community Health Center on August 15 with a several month history of severe cough and weight loss. Questions:What else would you like to know about these men? What are the risk factors for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection? For active TB? (Consider the agent/host/environmental model.) Is this an epidemic? Justify your answer. “Incidence” and “prevalence” are measures of disease occurrence. Which would you use to measure active TB? Which would you use to measure latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI)? Why? What common factors are evident here? Three of the initial cases were HIV positive. Describe the association between TB and HIV. Should testing and/or treatment for tuberculosis differ for individuals with HIV? How would you proceed from here? Consider the epidemiological triangle? What ethical issues concern you? Answer the above questions and discuss the above case in the context of TB in New York State. Please use this link as one resource (https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/).