1.Which of the following statement(s) about reality therapy is/are true?

a.    Its basic tenets are difficult to learn

b.    Paraprofessionals are attracted to the therapy

c.   The therapy focuses on the responsibility of the client

d.   Both paraprofessionals are attracted to the therapy and the therapy focuses on the responsibility of the client

 

2.Which of the following therapeutic approaches encourages offenders to explore their past so that they can learn to handle present emotional problems?

a.    Psychotherapy

b.    Transactional analysis

c.    Reality therapy

d.    Behavior modification

 

3.Training schools:

a.    are used more today than in the mid-1970s.

b.    are used very seldom today and only for violent offenders.

c.    have all been closed throughout the nation.

d.    are secure institutions where the youths’ safety is guaranteed.

 

4.Which of the following treatment techniques focuses upon interpreting and evaluating interpersonal relationships?

a.    Psychotherapy

b.    Positive peer culture

c.    Transactional analysis

d.    Behavior modification

 

5.The treatment modality based on the assumption that all behavior is under the control of its consequences in the external environment is:

a.    reality therapy.

b.    psychoanalytic therapy.

c.    transactional analysis.

d.    behavior modification.

 

6.The act responsible for removing status offenders from training schools was:

a.    the Deinstitutionalization of Status Offenders Act.

b.    the Children’s Rights Act.

c.    the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.

d.    the Dangerous and Repeat Offender Act.

 

7.Boot camps generally are reserved for:

a.    mid-range offenders who have failed with lesser sanctions.

b.    status offenders who need the shock of the camp.

c.    violent offenders who need a “harder” regimen than offered by institutions.

d.    none of the choices apply.

 

8.Two factors resulting in more youths being sent to adult prisons today are:

a.    high rates of juvenile violence sparked by “guns, drugs, and gangs.”

b.    increasing numbers of laws calling for youths to be waived to adult court.

c.    the increasing numbers of homicides in 1998 and 1999.

d.    both high rates of juvenile violence sparked by “guns, drugs, and gangs” and increasing numbers of laws calling for youths to be waived to adult court.

 

9.Most delinquents can be classified in which of the following “I” Levels?

a.    I7s

b.    I6s

c.    I3s

d.    I1s

 

10.Which of the following are ingredients of successful treatment programs?

a.    Programs that are unique compared to other conventional programs

b.    Programs that provide adequate follow-up in the community for their youths

c.    Programs structured to meet the special needs of their offenders

d.    All of the choices apply

 

11.Boot camps are least compatible with which of the four models of juvenile justice?

a.    Treatment

b.    Restorative justice

c.    Due process

d.    Crime control

 

12.Cognitive behavioral interactions focus on:

a.    exploring offenders’ emotions for hostility.

b.    identifying errors in thinking.

c.    identifying sequences of feelings and other factors making up the offense syndrome.

d.    both identifying errors in thinking and identifying sequences of feelings and other factors making up the offense syndrome.

 

13.The major criticism(s) of behavior modification is/are that:

a.    it treats only symptoms of behavior and not the causes of behavior.

b.    its effects do not last very long.

c.    it cannot work very effectively in a correctional setting.

d.    all of the choices apply.

 

14.Ranches and forestry camps are examples of _____-security institutions.

a.    medium

b.    minimum

c.    maximum

d.    super-maximum

 

15.Which of the following is/are not one of Quay’s five personality types?

a.    Inadequate immature

b.    I2

c.    Neurotic conflicts

d.    Both inadequate immature and neurotic conflicts

 

16.By definition, the “template-mashing technique”:

a.    compares the best program’s characteristics with characteristics of programs that are recognized not to be very good.

b.    creates a set of descriptors of the kinds of people who are most likely to benefit from a particular treatment.

c.    is not applicable in juvenile corrections.

d.    both compares the best program’s characteristics with characteristics of programs that are recognized not to be very good and creates a set of descriptors of the kinds of people who are most likely to benefit from a particular treatment.

 

17.Which of the following groups appear to be experiencing the greatest increases in rates of confinement in training schools?

a.    Males

b.    Females

c.    Whites

d.    None of the choices apply

 

18.Which of the following is a basic theme of transactional analysis?

a.    People can change the scripts they act out in life

b.    Dream analysis can uncover the sources of current emotional problems

c.    Social environments can be made conflict free and thereby help clients

d.    By reinforcing proper behavior, therapists can eliminate unwanted behavior

 

19.Females may be sentenced differentially by police and judges because of:

a.    traditional thinking of males.

b.    opposition by the system.

c.    psychiatric problems.

d.    both traditional thinking of males and opposition by the system.

 

20.Placing juveniles in inpatient psychiatric and chemical dependency units is referred to as the:

a.    reform that needs to occur.

b.    medicalization of deviance.

c.    overload of the hidden system.

d.    recognition of juvenile’s true problems.