Recent studies on human body have exposed the association of paternal care and pair bonding with the variations in the levels of testosterone among males. From these researches, it has been deduced that married men have lower levels of the hormone as compared to the unmarried and unpaired males. The studies emphasise that even unmarried men in committed relationships have lower levels of testosterone than unmarried men that are not committed to relationships. Though with little statistical significance, the same studies demonstrated that fathers have lower levels of the hormone as compared to married men who have not yet fathered. Therefore, there is another relationship between the levels of testosterone and fatherhood that is clearly distinct from the association of the levels of the hormone with marriage (Gray et al, 2002).

Form the findings of the collections of the researches. it is evident that the variations in the levels of testosterone in married men have a close relationship with the marital outcomes. On the other hand, McIntyre et al (2006) indicate that higher levels of testosterone are experienced by married men around the time of divorce. In other cases, most researches have failed in their attempts to show differences in variations of testosterone levels between monogamously married men and unmarried men. However, some studies have found higher levels of testosterone among polygamous men than in monogamous men. Such findings complicate the clarity of the distinctiveness of testosterone levels and marital status or romantic commitments (McIntyre et al, 2006).

From the findings of these researches, it is evident that further researches are recommendable to obtain a clear relationship between the levels of testosterone among married men and their marital status, romantic commitments, paternity, and even their ages. For this reason, the variations in the levels of testosterone among heterosexual males are of interest to many researchers. In this research, it can be hypothesised that there is an association between the relationship status, competition, and paternity with the levels of testosterone in males (McIntyre et al, 2006).