Question 1. Humans instinctively like foods with this flavor.
a. bitter
b. sweet
c. sour

Question 2

This is how chewing food aids in digestion.
a. By reducing water content of the food
b. By making particles smaller
c. By minimizes need for saliva

Question 3

When you eat, your stomach secretes this substance that lowers the pH of stomach contents to a value of less than 2.
a. pepsinogen
b. hydrochloric acid
c. lipase

Question 4

Stomach ulcers signals a breakdown in this protective layer.
a. pepsin
b. mucus
c. saliva

Question 5

Which of the following meals postpones hunger by slowing the rate at which the stomach empties into the small intestine?
a. a meal high in starch such as pasta
b. a meal high in protein such as a roast beef sandwich
c. a meal high in fiber such as pinto beans

Question 6

What is the fate of fiber, a non­digestible carbohydrate, after it leaves the small intestine?
a. Enzymes in the large intestine digest it.
b. It is combined with protein and absorbed into the bloodstream.
c. Bacteria in the large intestine use it as an energy source.

Question 7

In the small intestine this substance aids digestion by making chyme less acidic.
a. hydrocholoric acid
b. lipase
c. bicarbonate

Question 8

Produced by the liver this substance is critical to the digestion and absorption of fat.
a. Fatty acid enzyme
b. Pepsinogen
c. Bile

Question 9

This food reduces lower esophageal pressure and increases the likelihood of burping stomach contents back into the throat.
a. Alcohol
b Sugar
c. Coffee

Question 10

This explains why inadequate production of acid in the stomach reduces digestion and absorption of protein.
a. Protein molecules stay tightly coiled and insufficient pepsinogen is activated.
b. Protein molecules attach to fats and pass out of the system.
c. There is no relationship between stomach acid production and protein digestion in the small intestine.

Question 11

This enzyme begins the digestion of fat in the small intestine.
a. pepsin
b bile
c. lipase

Question 12

This is a droplet of fat with a hydrophilic coating that allows it to remain suspended in the watery mixture of the small intestine.

a. cylomicron
b. micelle
c. chyme

Question 13

This nutrient is actively absorbed in the small intestine.
a. lactose
b. fructose
c. glucose

Question 14

What nutrient is critical to routine replacement of exhausted intestinal villi cells?
a. Vitamin B­12
b. Cholesterol
c. Protein

Question 15

Bacteria in the large intestine are a sign of infection.
True
False

Question 16

The presence of beneficial bateria increases the likelihood that newly introduced bacteria will colonize the large intestine.
True
False

Question 17

Chronic alcoholism reduces the body’s ability to absorp this vitamin that prevents scurvy.
a. Vitamin E
b Riboflavin
c. Vitamin C

Question 18

In which of the following pairs is a major macronutrient correctly matched to its end product of digestion?
a. protein and amino acid
b. carbohydrate and fatty acid
c. triglyceride and glucose

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the pancreas?
a. Secrete bicarbonate that neutralizes acid
b. Provide enzymes that digest fat and carbhydrate
c. Manufacture mucus that lines the intestine

Question 20

Fat, carbohydrate, and protein are digested and absorbed in this organ.
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
c. Large intestine