**** please comment each peers DQs responses with citations and references :)****

response one: A heart attack occurs when the flow of blood to the heart is blocked. The blockage is most often a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances, which form a plaque in the arteries that feed the heart (coronary arteries). The plaque eventually breaks away and forms a clot. The interrupted blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle. A heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction, can be fatal, but treatment has improved dramatically over the year. The following steps are necessary to be included in prevention and health promotion of heart attack (“Heart Disease Prevention | MedlinePlus,” 2019):

• Making sure you have enough sleep. If you don’t get enough sleep, you raise your risk of high blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes. Those three things can raise your risk for heart disease. Most adults need 7 to 9 hours of sleep per night.
• Manage stress. Stress can be linked to heart attack in various ways. Extreme stress can cause heart attack and also the various ways of coping with stress can also cause the disease.
• Avoid or quit smoking. Cigarette smoking can raise the blood pressure and put you at a higher risk for stroke and heart attack.
• Regular exercise. Exercise has many benefits, including strengthening your heart and improving your circulation. It can also help you maintain a healthy weight and lower cholesterol and blood pressure. All of these can lower your risk of heart disease.
• Limit alcohol. Drinking too much alcohol can raise your blood pressure. It also adds extra calories, which may cause weight gain. Both of those raise your risk of heart disease

References

Heart Disease Prevention | MedlinePlus. (2019). Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/howtopreventheartdisease.h…

response two: A respiratory issue that the author found was pneumonia. Pneumonia is lung inflammation generated by a bacterial or viral infection, in which the air pouches fill with pus and may become solid. Inflammation may affect both lungs, one lung, or only some lobes. Pneumonia can be either viral, fungal, or bacterial, originated outside the clinic, called a hospital-acquired disease. Despite the microorganism, the symbols of pneumonia are a bright, penetrating pleuritic chest pain, restlessness, anorexia, productive cough, and tachypnea. Anyone can get pneumonia, but some characters are added at risk than others. Pneumonia and its signs can range from mild to severe. Treatment depends on the condition of one’s pneumonia, how critical a person’s symptoms are, and the age and overall health. Most healthy individuals recover from pneumonia in one to three weeks, but it can be life-threatening. The good news is that pneumonia can be prevented (Grand Canyon University, 2018).

The key steps that are necessary for the prevention of pneumonia are first getting vaccinated. Get a flu shot each year to stop annual influenza. The flu is a constant problem of pneumonia, so stopping the flu is a great way to prevent pneumonia. The next thing to do is wash hands. Clean hands often, particularly after blowing nose, going to the toilet, diapering, and before consuming or cooking foods. The next thing to do is not smoking, for tobacco harms lung’s capacity to battle off infection, and smokers have been discovered to be at a higher risk of getting pneumonia. Lastly, one should be aware of their overall health for pneumonia usually develops respiratory infections, be mindful of any symptoms that linger more than a few days.

References:

American Lung Association. (n.d.). Preventing Pneumonia. Retrieved from https://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung…

Grand Canyon University (Ed). (2018). Pathophysiology: Clinical applications for client health. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs410v/pathophysiology-cl…

response three: Asthma is a chronic, reversible airway disorder characterized by inflammation and bronchospasm(Johnson, 2018). Anyone can receive a diagnoses at any age(Johnson, 2018). Allergens, exercise, or viral illness can trigger asthma. One sign of an asthma exacerbation or asthma attack is the symptom of wheezing (Johnson, 2018).

There are a few medications used to treat and manage asthma include SABAs( short acting beta agonists), LABAs (long acting beta agonist), and ICSs (inhaled corticosteroids) (Johnson, 2018). If a patient is using a rescue inhaler (nebulized albuterol) more than two to three times per week, a preventive medication must be started to help prevent symptoms (Johnson, 2018) Asthma can be triggered by allergens, so nondrowsy antihistamines or even anti-inflammatory medications such as montelukast (singulair) can be taken to help (Johnson, 2018).

Schools are no requiring the use of Asthma Action Plans to manage childhood asthma while the patient is in school (Johnson, 2018) . This give the school instruction on what steps need to be taken in an emergency (Johnson, 2018). This is very important as not everyone responds to the same medications or methods.

Johnson, A. R. (2018). Cardiorespiratory Complexities. Retrieved November 11, 2019, from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs410v/pathophysiology-clinical-applications-for-client-health/v1.1/#/chapter/1.